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1 Department of Diagnostic Sciences and General Dentistry, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; 2 Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; 3 Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology/Oncology, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
*Correspondence to: JB Ludlow, 198 Dental Office Building, UNC School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA; E-mail: jbl{at}email.unc.edu
Received 17 September 2002; revised 7 January 2003; accepted 17 January 2003
Objectives:This study provides effective dose measurements for two extraoral direct digital imaging devices, the NewTom 9000TM cone beam CT (CBCT) unit and the Orthophos Plus DS panoramic unit.
Methods:Thermoluminescent dosemeters were placed at 20 sites throughout the layers of the head and neck of a tissue-equivalent RANDO phantom. Variations in phantom orientation and beam collimation were used to create three different CBCT examination techniques: a combined maxillary and mandibular scan (Max/Man), a maxillary scan and a mandibular scan. Ten exposures for each technique were used to ensure a reliable measure of radiation from the dosemeters. Average tissue-absorbed dose, weighted equivalent dose and effective dose were calculated for each major anatomical site. Effective doses of individual organs were summed with salivary gland exposures (ESAL) and without salivary gland exposures (EICRP60) to calculate two measures of whole-body effective dose.
Results:The effective doses for CBCT were: Max/Man scan, EICRP60=36.3 µSv, ESAL=77.9 µSv; maxillary scan, EICRP60=19.9 µSv, ESAL=41.5 µSv; and mandibular scan, EICRP60=34.7 µSv, ESAL=74.7 µSv. Effective doses for the panoramic examination were EICRP60=6.2 µSv and ESAL=22.0 µSv.
Conclusion:When viewed in the context of potential diagnostic yield, the EICRP60 of 36.3 µSv for the NewTom compares favourably with published effective doses for conventional CT (314 µSv) and film tomography (2–9 µSv per image). CBCT examinations resulted in doses that were 3–7 (EICRP60) and 2–4 (ESAL) times the panoramic doses observed in this study.
Keywords: thermoluminescent dosimetry; tomography, X-ray computed; radiography, panoramic
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