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Effects of oestrogen deficiency on rat mandibular and tibial microarchitecture

¹ Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Medicine and Surgery, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA; ² Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

*Correspondence to: Dr Jie Yang, Associate Professor, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Medicine and Surgery, Temple University School of Dentistry, 3223 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; E-mail: jyang{at}dental.temple.edu

Received 7 January 2003; revised 25 February 2003; accepted 11 June 2003

Objectives: To investigate the effects of oestrogen deficiency on the microarchitecture of trabecular bone in the mandible and the tibia and to test whether they are correlated.

Methods: Twenty-four age-matched Lewis-Brown-Norway female rats underwent surgical intervention either to remove ovaries (ovariectomy, n=12) or to create a complementary control group (sham-operated, n=12). Sixteen weeks later, the animals were sacrificed and the left side of the mandibles and the tibias were scanned with high resolution micro-CT (15 µm). Multiple morphological measures including the ratio of bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation and structure model index were obtained from the experimental and control groups.

Results: Ovariectomy significantly decreased the ratio of bone volume/soft tissue volume and trabecular thickness, whilst significantly increasing trabecular separation and structure model index in the mandible (P<0.005) and the tibia (P<0.005). There were significant positive correlations between the mandible and the tibia for trabecular separation (r=0.68, P<0.01) and structure model index (r=0.60, P<0.01).

Conclusions: Oestrogen deficiency results in microarchitectural alterations of trabecular bone in both the mandible and the tibia within 16 weeks. The size of marrow spaces and the shape of trabeculae in the mandible correlate with osteoporotic changes in the long bone.

Keywords: micro-CT; osteoporosis; mandible; tibia; trabeculae; animal; ovariectomy

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