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Bifid mandibular condyle: archaeological case report of a rare anomaly

¹ Unitat d'Antropologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; ² Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela; ³ Facultat d'Odontologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

*Correspondence to: Assumpció Malgosa, Unitat d'Antropologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Ciències, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Espanya; Email: assumpcio.malgosa{at}uab.es

Received 2 April 2004; accepted 6 June 2004

In this paper, an archaeological case of unilateral bifid mandibular condyle is presented. This uncommon anomaly is characterized by a division of the mandibular condylar head. In this case, the left condyle was divided into two articulating surfaces oriented mediolaterally; two articular facets on the anterior wall of the glenoid fossa for the double condyle were observed. The morphological and radiological analysis do not show any evidence of injuries or degenerative pathology. Taking into account the two main causes of bifid condyle suggested in the literature (traumatic and developmental), an embryopathy by teratogenic agents is proposed as a possible aetiology of the bifid condyle reported here.

Keywords: abnormalities; paleopathology, oral pathology, injury

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