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Assessment of mandibular bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey; ² Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey; ³ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey

*Correspondence to: Dr Sinan Ay, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, 58140, Sivas, Turkey; E-mail: sinanay{at}cumhuriyet.edu.tr

Received 16 September 2004; revised 22 February 2005; accepted 15 March 2005

Objectives: To assess mandibular bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using panoramic radiographs.

Methods: Nineteen patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 17 control subjects participated in the study. Bone mineral density measurements were performed on the panoramic radiographs with the help of a five-step copper stepwedge phantom, attached to each film cassette, which was calibrated before hand by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The analysis was performed on digitized images by dedicated software (Scion Image). The accuracy of the measurement technique was also evaluated by cross-calibration with a DXA phantom.

Results: Mean mandibular bone mineral density (g cm^–2) was 1.53±0.27 in women and 1.52±0.29 in men with type 2 diabetes. In age and gender matched control subjects the values were 1.56±0.28 and 1.46±0.23 in women and in men, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between groups in mandibular bone mineral density.

Conclusions: The present study showed that bone mineral density of the mandible does not seem to be affected in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also observed that a panoramic radiograph could serve for accurate mandibular bone density determination, when calibrated well with the DXA method.

Keywords: bone mineral density; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; radiography; panoramic; diabetes mellitus, type 2

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